Project bidding prices and price control mechanism
1, Introduction
Production and sale of products is a kind of business activities, construction is a kind of business activities, investment in human, financial, and material, the product output can be railways, bridges, highways, civil, or an industrial production devices. Construction is not a simple process inputs and outputs, it relates to market, user issues, problems, and so effective. Project involves the design, material procurement and construction of three aspects, and design and construction process is the construction of two different stages and the two independent professionals, and other commodity production, as the need for cost control, respectively, and obtains certain profits. Therefore, in project bidding, the project cost calculation and control are particularly important. Price is for high-profit foundation, but in view of the current domestic construction market competition has become white-hot, high prices can not win. Especially after China's accession to the WTO, foreign project contracting companies to enter the China market and China's engineering contracting companies to compete, and the engineering contracting business in China also went abroad to market the project construction and development. Therefore we have to sum up the past international and domestic contract construction management experience and lessons, and fully understand the project bidding price formation mechanism in the characteristics and operation rules, and effective project cost control, to make good use of resources, open up markets to improve the economic efficiency of enterprises.
工程招投标价格形成机制及价格控制
１、前言
企业的生产和销售产品的活动是一种经营活动，工程建设也是一种经营活动，投入的是人、财、物，产出的产品可以是铁路，桥梁，公路，民用建筑，或是一个工业生产装置等。工程建设过程不是简单的投入和产出，它涉及到市场问题，用户问题，效益问题等等。工程建设涉及到设计、物资采购和施工三个方面，而设计和施工是工程建设过程中的两个不同的阶段和两个独立的专业，和其它的商品生产一样需要分别进行成本控制并获取一定的利润。因此在工程招投标中，工程造价的计算和控制显得尤其重要。报价高固然为盈利奠定了基础，但是鉴于当前国内工程建设市场竞争已趋白热化，高价夺标已不可能。特别是我国加入WTO以后，外国的工程承包企业要进入我国市场，和我国的工程承包企业展开竞争，另外我国的工程承包企业也同样要到国外的工程建设市场上谋求发展。因此我们要总结过去国际国内承包工程建设经营管理的经验和教训，充分了解工程招投标中价格形成机制的特点和运行规律，对工程造价进行有效的控制，利用好两种资源，开拓两个市场，提高企业经济效益。
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