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    [外文翻译] 结构设计介绍

    资料分类:土木工程设计资料 - 毕业设计外文翻译范文参考资料 | 发布形式:资料共享 | 更新时间:2017-09-23 显示全部楼层

    资料简介:

      Introduction to Structural Design
      Structural Design
      The structural design of buildings, whether of structural steel or reinforced concrete, requires the determination of the overall proportions and dimensions of the supporting framework and the selection of the cross sections of individual members. In most cases the functional design, including the establishment of the number of stories and the floor plan, will have been done by an architect, and the structural engineer must work within the constraints imposed by this design. Ideally, the engineer and architect will collaborate throughout the design process so that the project is completed in an efficient manner.  In effect, however, the design can be summed up as follows: The architect decides how the building should look; the engineer must make sure that it doesn't fall down. Although this is an oversimplification, it affirms the first priority of the structural engineer: safety.  Other important considerations include serviceability (how well the structure performs in terms of appearance and deflection) and economy. An economical structure requires an efficient use of materials and construction labor. Although this can usually be accomplished by a design that requires a minimum amount of material, savings can often be realized by using slightly more material if it results in a simpler, more easily constructed project.
      结构设计介绍
      结构设计
      建筑结构设计,结构钢或钢筋混凝土,包括框架的整体比例和刚度的大小和独立构件的横断面的选择。在许多情况下,功能设计包括房屋建筑和楼面布置图数字的创立,这些由建筑师完成,但结构工程师必须在这个设计强加的限制之内工作。理想地,工程师和建筑师须将在设计过程中合作,以便以高效率的方式完成项目。然而,实际中设计可以被总结如下:建筑师决定怎么建筑,工程师确保建筑物不倒塌。虽然这是很简单的一件事,但它要求结构工程师在设计中优先考虑的问题是:安全。 其他重要考虑包括操作性能和经济问题等。 一个经济的结构要求对材料和建筑劳力有一个高效率的使用和安排。
      一个好设计要求有几个构筑计划的评估---即成员和他们之间不同的连接和安排。换句话说,应该准备几个供选择的设计方案,并且提供他们之间的费用比较。为被调查的每个构筑的计划,必须设计各自的组分。这在独立构件要求对框架建筑和荷载作用下的弯曲力矩的计算和结构分析。结构设计师能选择适当的横断面。然而,在所有分析之前,将要对使用的建筑材料必须做出决定:它通常将是钢筋混凝土,结构钢或者二者合用。
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