摘要
改革开放以后，国民经济蓬勃发展，公路客货运输量大幅度增长，现有公路通行能力不足的矛盾日益突出，迫切需要提高公路等级和技术标准，高速公路将成为中国公路建设的主流。然而公路隧道所需要的技术经济条件远高于铁路隧道和其他隧道工程，因此，对公路隧道设计理念、设计方法和施工方法的探索和研究是十分必要的。由于公路等级提高对线型和坡度的要求，高速公路越岭必然要求越来越多的采用隧道方案，这既能克服地形和高程障碍，改善线路，提高车速，缩短里程，节约燃料，节省时间，减少对植被的破坏，保护生态环境；又可有效防止落石、塌方、雪崩和崩塌等自然条件，提高了行车的安全性、可靠性和舒适度，同时又能和当地环境相协调及保全自然景观。因此，从经济效益、生态效益和国际大趋势来看，安全、经济、合理、美观的公路隧道研究迫在眉睫。
本设计课题为高速公路隧道，重点研究隧道内轮廓的确定，隧道洞门的设计，二次衬砌的设计和新奥法施工。
石峡2号隧道为分离式单向行驶两车道隧道，左线全长218m，围岩的基本情况为：Ⅳ级围岩长160m；Ⅴ级围岩长58m。右线全长219m，围岩的基本情况为：Ⅳ级围岩长150m；Ⅴ级围岩长69m。
隧道洞门设计成端墙式洞门；隧道采用新奥法施工，隧道衬砌采用复合式衬砌；隧道开挖Ⅳ、Ⅴ级围岩使用台阶分部开挖法，采用钻爆法开挖；隧道的辅助施工方法有超前小导管注浆和超前锚杆；隧道通风方式为自然通风。
隧道经过多次计算和验算后，洞门、衬砌和通风合格，可以正常施工。
关键词：公路隧道；新奥法；复合式衬砌；通风；结构内力
ABSTRACT
After the reform and opening-up policy, the national economy is booming, highway passenger-cargo traffic volume increases substantially, the existing highway capacity manual insufficient contradiction have become increasingly prominent, the urgent need to improve road level and technical standard, the highway will become the mainstream of the road construction in China. However,highway tunnel of technical and economic conditions needed than railway tunnel and other tunnel project of highway tunnel.Therefore, design concept, design method and construction method of exploration and research is very necessary. Because of linear and highway rating by the requirement, highway slope servants and inevitable requirement are using tunnel scheme, which not only can overcome the terrain and elevation obstacles, improve lines, improve speed and shorten mileage, save fuel, save time, reduce the damage to vegetation, protect the ecological environment. Can effectively prevent rockfalls, landslide, collapse avalanches and natural conditions, enhances the parameters of safety, reliability and comfort at the same time, and local environmental photograph coordination level security the natural landscape. Therefore, from the economic benefit, ecological benefit and international big trend, safe, economic and reasonable, the artistic research of highway tunnel is imminent.
This design task is highway tunnel.The key of the research are the tunnel profile, the design of the tunnel ventilation determined, the second lining design and new Austrian tunneling method.
The lane of the tunnel Shixia 2 separate one-way traffic for the two-lane tunnel, a total length of the left hand lane is 218m, The basic situation of the surrounding rock：the length of Ⅳ grade rock is 160m;the length of Ⅴ grade rock is 58m.A total length of the right hand lane is 219m, The basic situation of the surrounding rock：the length of Ⅳ grade rock is 150m;the length of Ⅴ grade rock is 69m.
Portal designed wing of the tunnel wall Portal; Tunnel NATM construction, tunnel lining using cmposite lining; Ⅳ,Ⅴ grade level divisions surrounding the use of open digging method, using drill and blast excavation method; tunnel construction methods of supporting small catheter advanced and ahead of grouting bolt; tunnel ventilation for natural ventilation.
After several rounds of the tunnel after the calculation and checking, portal, lining, lighting and ventilation qualified to normal construction.
Key words: Highway Tunnel; New Austrian Tunneling Method; composite lining; Ventilation;Internal Forces
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